146 results returned
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Title: Nuremberg Region, Germany, 1909 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2009
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Nuremberg (Germany). Stadtmagistrat.
- Nister, Ernest.
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan von Nurnberg 1909, Bearbeitet im stadtischen Bauamt. It was published by Verlag des Stadtmagistrats Nurnberg in 1909. Scale 1:12,500. Covers Nuremberg and vicinity, Germany. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 4 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, parks, ground cover, and more. Includes index. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.
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Title: München und Umgebung, 1908 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2019
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: München und Umgebung : im Jahre 1908. It was published by: städt. Vermessungs - Amt in 1908. Scale 1:25,000.. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the WGS 1984 UTM Zone 32N (EPSG: 32632) coordinate system. All map features and collar and inset information are shown as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of geographies, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 3 of 4) (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2014
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Niendorf (933). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 3 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the northwest portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 2 of 4) (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2014
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Bergstedt (934). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 2 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the northeast portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 1 of 4) (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2014
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Hamburg (1029). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 1 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southwest portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 4 of 4) (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2014
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Wandsbek (1030). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 4 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southeast portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Cologne region, Germany, 1906 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2009
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Coln : [sheet] 2908. It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1906. Scale 1:25,000. Covers Cologne region, Germany. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 2 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortification, district boundaries, ground cover, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.
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Title: Europa 1:6,000.000
- Image data
- 1943
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Princeton)
Summary: Relief shown by spot heights. Map shows Deutsches Reich political boundaries as of September 1, 1943, steamboat lines, roads, and railroads. "Grenzen nach Angaben des Auswärtigen Amts. stand 1. IX.1943." "III.1944 (D 80)"- lower right margin. "Urheberrecht vorbehalten" "Überarbeitet IX.1943." "Nachdruck oder missbräuchliche Benutzung verboten!" Publisher information has been obliterated.
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Title: Fliegerkarte Frankreich
- Image data
- 1939
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Princeton)
Summary: Relief shown by shading, and spot heights. Depth shown by isolines. " Aeronautical Eintragungen vom August 1934". Aeronautical information as of August 1934 was overprinted on a topographic map. Map shows three different categories of landing fields, hydroplanes and dirigibles ports. The Cherbourg area shows the restricted flight zone. Reprinted information is given on right margin : "II 43. (D. 2500/15)". Includes marginal notes on adjoining sheets, and list of abbreviation. In upper margin: Sonderausgabe! Includes ancillary map locating listed administrative divisions.
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Title: Ottoman Empire, ca. 1790 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2010
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Harvard University. Library. Open Collections Program
- Lotter Family (Augsburg, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Empire de la Porte ottomane en Europe, en Asie et en Afrique avec les pays qui lui sont tributaires, dresse par les Freres Lotter. It was published by Freres Lotter ca. 1790. Scale [ca. 1:9,000,000]. Covers the Ottoman Empire. Map in French. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a modified 'Europe Lambert Conformal Conic' projection with a central meridian of 38 degrees East projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial and provincial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Islamic Heritage Project. Maps selected for the project represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes. The Islamic Heritage Project consists of over 100,000 digitized pages from Harvard's collections of Islamic manuscripts and published materials. Supported by Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal and developed in association with the Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Islamic Studies Program at Harvard University.
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Title: Plan der Grossherzogl. Haupt- und Residenz-Stadt Weimar, 1826 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2019
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard Library
- Blaufuss
- Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Plan der Grossherzogl. Haupt- und Residenz-Stadt Weimar. It was published by: im Verlage des Geograph. Instituts in 1826. Scale [ca. 1:4,000]. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the WGS 1984 UTM Zone 32N (EPSG: 32632) coordinate system. All map features and collar and inset information are shown as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of geographies, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Justus Perthes' Wandkarte von Afrika zur Darstellung der Bodenbedeckung, 1906 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2019
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Justus Perthes' Wandkarte von Afrika zur Darstellung der Bodenbedeckung : mit 8 Kärtchen zur Entdeckungsgeschichte und 14 Bildnissen berühmter Afrikaforscher. It was published by: Justus Perthes in 1906. Scale 1:7,500,000. Map in Dutch. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic (EPSG: 102024) coordinate system. All map features and collar and inset information are shown as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of geographies, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Das Konigreich Wurtemberg, das Grossherzogthum Baden. Nach C.F. Weilands Entwurf vollig umgearbeitet von H. Kiepert. Weimar, verlag des Geograph. Instituts 1856 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2015
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Stanford)
- Rumsey, David, 1944-
- Kiepert, Heinrich, 1818-1899
- Weiland, C. F. (Carl Ferdinand), 1782-1847
- Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced image of a map of Württemberg Germany created in 1856. The original map appears in "Allgemeiner Hand-Atlas Der Erde Und Des Himmels nach den besten astronomischen Bestimmungen, neuesten Entdeckungen und kritischen Unterfuchungen entworfen. Geographisches Institut In Weimar." The historic map layers in the Google Earth Rumsey Map Collection have been selected by David Rumsey from his large collection of historical maps, as well as some from other collections with which he collaborates. All the maps contain rich information about the past and represent a sampling of time periods, scales, and cartographic art, resulting in visual history stories that only old maps can tell. Each map has been georeferenced by Rumsey, thus creating unique digital map images that allow the old maps to appear in their correct places on the modern globe. Some of the maps fit perfectly in their modern spaces, while othersgenerally earlier period mapsreveal interesting geographical misconceptions of their time. Cultural features on the maps can be compared to the modern satellite views using the slider bars to adjust transparency. The result is an exploration of time as well as space, a marriage of historic cartographic masterpieces with innovative contemporary software tools.
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Title: Madagascar and Region, 1809 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2012
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Charte von einem Theile der Ost-Kuste von Africa : begreifend di Kaffer-Kuste, die Kuste Mozambique und Zanguebar, nebst der Insel Madagascar. It was published by im Verlage des Geograph. Instituts in 1809. Scale [ca. 1:6,900,000]. Covers Madagascar, and portions of Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania, Kenya, Comoros, Mayotte, Glorioso Islands, Seychelles, Juan de Nova Island, Reunion, and Mauritius. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Lambert Conformal Conic projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, roads, cities and other human settlements, territorial and administrative boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Southern Namibia, 1884 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2012
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Hassenstein, Bruno.
- Justus Perthes (Firm : Gotha, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Die deutschen Besitzungen in West-Afrika, hauptsachlich nach Th. Hahn, von B. Hassenstein. Map georeferenced: Gross-Namaqua-Land und das Gebiet des Hauses F.A. Luderitz. It was published by Justus Perthes in 1884. Scale [ca. 1:1,750,000]. Covers Southern Namibia. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Sinusoidal projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, roads, and more. Relief shown by shading and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings. Includes also 5 other maps and 2 inset maps.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Senegal and The Gambia, 1803 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2012
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Ehrmann, Theophil Friedrich, 1762-1811.
- Poirson, Jean Baptiste, 1761-1831.
- Blanchot.
- Industrie-Comptoir (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Charte von den Senegal-Landern : nach den Specialcharten von Poirson und Blanchot, entworfen von Theoph. Friedr. Ehrmann. It was published by im Verlage des Landes Industrie Comptoirs in 1803. Scale [ca. 1:1,800,000]. Covers Senegal and The Gambia, and portions of Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Mauritania, and Mali. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Africa Sinusoidal projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: West & Central Africa, 1809 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2012
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Geographisches Institut (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Charte von Senegambien und Ober-Guinea : nebst dem innern Nigritien : nach den neuesten Nachrichten entworfen. It was published by im Verl. des Geograph. Instituts in 1809. Scale [ca. 1:9,250,000]. Covers portions of West and Central Africa. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, roads, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Northeast Egypt, Ismailia to Cairo, 1882 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2012
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Hassenstein, Bruno.
- Justus Perthes (Firm : Gotha, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Von Ismailia bis Cairo : Specialkarte des Kriegsschauplatzes, redigirt von B. Hassenstein. It was published by Justus Perthes in 1882. Scale 1:270,000. Covers the northeastern Egypt from Ismailia to Cairo. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Egypt Red Belt projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, railroads and stations, canals, built-up areas, selected buildings, historic sites, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes insets: Plan von Cairo (1:27,000), Sues Kanal (1:1,000,000).This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.
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Title: Caucasus, 1854 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2010
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Harvard University. Library. Open Collections Program
- Kiepert, Heinrich, 1818-1899.
- Dietrich Reimer Verlag (Berlin, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Karte der Kaukasus-Lander und der angranzenden Turkischen und Persischen Provinzen Armenien, Kurdistan, und Azerbeidjan, bearbeitet und gezeichnet von H. Kiepert. It was published by Bei Dietrich Reimer in 1854. Scale 1:1,500,000. Covers the Caucasus. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a modified 'Europe Lambert Conformal Conic' projection with a central meridian of 44 degrees East projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, roads, railroads, churches, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures and spot heights. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Islamic Heritage Project. Maps selected for the project represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes. The Islamic Heritage Project consists of over 100,000 digitized pages from Harvard's collections of Islamic manuscripts and published materials. Supported by Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal and developed in association with the Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Islamic Studies Program at Harvard University.
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Title: Caucasus, 1802 (Raster Image)
- Raster data
- 2010
- Not owned by MIT (Owned by Harvard)
- Harvard Map Collection, Harvard College Library
- Harvard University. Library. Open Collections Program
- Reinecke, Johann Matthias Christoph, 1770-1818.
- Industrie-Comptoir (Weimar, Thuringia, Germany)
Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Charte der Laender am Caucasus nach den besten vorhandenen, Charten, Reisen und astronomischen Orstbestimugen gezeichnet von I. C. M. Reinecke. It was published by Im Verlage des Industrie Comptoirs in 1802. Scale [ca. 1:2,100,000]. Covers the Caucasus. Map in German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to a modified 'Europe Lambert Conformal Conic' projection with a central meridian of 44 degrees East projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial and provincial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures. Includes note. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Islamic Heritage Project. Maps selected for the project represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes. The Islamic Heritage Project consists of over 100,000 digitized pages from Harvard's collections of Islamic manuscripts and published materials. Supported by Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal and developed in association with the Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Islamic Studies Program at Harvard University.