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  1. Title: Maldives, 1902 (Image 1 of 3) (Raster Image)

    Contributors:

    Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Trigonometrical survey of the Maldive Islands, by Commander R. Moresby, assisted by Lieut. F.T. Powell, Indian Navy ; additions and corrections by Professor A. Agassiz, Mr. Stanley Gardiner and Mr. L. A. Molony, 1902 ; eng. by J. & C. Walker. Sheet 1. It was published by Hydrographic Office, 1904. Scale [ca. 1:310,000]. This layer is image 1 of 3 total images of the three sheet source map representing the northern portion of the map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'Mercator' projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, human settlements, ground cover, shoreline features, inlets, lagoons, shoals, sand banks, atolls, islands and islets, points, rocks, bottom types, and more. Relief shown by spot heights. Depths shown by soundings. Includes notes on navigation and locations of potable water. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

  2. Title: Maldives, 1902 (Image 3 of 3) (Raster Image)

    Contributors:

    Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Trigonometrical survey of the Maldive Islands, by Commander R. Moresby, assisted by Lieut. F.T. Powell, Indian Navy ; additions and corrections by Professor A. Agassiz, Mr. Stanley Gardiner and Mr. L. A. Molony, 1902 ; eng. by J. & C. Walker. Sheet 3. It was published by Hydrographic Office, 1904. Scale [ca. 1:310,000]. This layer is image 3 of 3 total images of the three sheet source map representing the southern portion of the map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'Mercator' projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, human settlements, ground cover, shoreline features, inlets, lagoons, shoals, sand banks, atolls, islands and islets, points, rocks, bottom types, and more. Relief shown by spot heights. Depths shown by soundings. Includes notes on navigation and locations of potable water. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

  3. Title: Maldives, 1902 (Image 2 of 3) (Raster Image)

    Contributors:

    Summary: This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Trigonometrical survey of the Maldive Islands, by Commander R. Moresby, assisted by Lieut. F.T. Powell, Indian Navy ; additions and corrections by Professor A. Agassiz, Mr. Stanley Gardiner and Mr. L. A. Molony, 1902 ; eng. by J. & C. Walker. Sheet 2. It was published by Hydrographic Office, 1904. Scale [ca. 1:310,000]. This layer is image 2 of 3 total images of the three sheet source map representing the central portion of the map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'Mercator' projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, human settlements, ground cover, shoreline features, inlets, lagoons, shoals, sand banks, atolls, islands and islets, points, rocks, bottom types, and more. Relief shown by spot heights. Depths shown by soundings. Includes notes on navigation and locations of potable water. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

  4. Title: Natural Landmarks, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents natural landmarks in Mongolia in 1991. Natural landmarks are listed as a type of "state protected nature zones" ("Staatlich Geschütztes Natur-Objekt") on the source map legend. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Natursehenswürdigkeit." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  5. Title: Nature Protection Measures, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents the locations of specific nature protection measures in place in Mongolia in 1991. The source map legend describes the data using the German "Naturschutzmassnahmen." The types of nature protection measures included are: Nature pollution monitoring laboratory (Kontrollstelle für die Frfassung der Umweltveltverschmutzung), Refining unit (Purification system) (Klaranlage), Fire control air unit (Brandschutz und Brandbekämpfung aus der lift), Soil protecting forest strip (Erosions-Schutzhecke), Protective forest belt (Pelztierfarm), Afforestation area (Baumschule), Natural museum (Naturkundemuseum), and Experimental fruit and berry station (Obstplantage). The attribute information for each point includes the type of nature protection measure in both English and German, as listed on the source map. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  6. Title: Green Zones, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This polygon dataset represents green zones in Mongolia in 1991. Green zones are listed as a type of "nature protection measure" ("Naturschutzmassnahmen") on the source map legend. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Grünanlage." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  7. Title: Protected Springs, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents the locations of springs identified as state protected nature zones ("Staatlich Geschütztes Natur-Objekt") in Mongolia in 1991. The name of each spring is included in the attribute information (if provided on the source map). The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Quelle." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  8. Title: Oases, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents the location of oases in Mongolia in 1991. Each oasis is identified with a name, when included in the source map. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Oase." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  9. Title: Irrigation Canals, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the locations of irrigation canals in Mongolia in 1991. Irrigation canals are listed as a type of "nature protection measure" ("Naturschutzmassnahmen") on the source map legend. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Bewässerungskanal." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  10. Title: Railroads, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the location of railroad lines in Mongolia in 1991. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  11. Title: Nature Reserves, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents the locations of nature reserves in Mongolia in 1991. Reserves are listed as a type of "state protected nature zones" ("Staatlich Geschütztes Natur-Objekt") on the source map legend. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Jagdreservaf." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  12. Title: Major Roads, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the locations of major roads in Mongolia in 1991. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  13. Title: National Parks, Mongolia, 1991

    Contributors:

    Summary: This polygon dataset represents national parks in Mongolia in 1991. The names of the parks are included in the attribute information. National parks are listed as a type of "state protected nature zones" ("Staatlich Geschütztes Natur-Objekt") on the source map legend. The source map legend also describes the data using the German "Naturschutzgebeit." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: Улсын геодези, зураг зүйн газар [State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, Mongolia], 'Map on Mongolian Nature Protection (Naturschutzkarte der MVR) [map]', scale 1:2,500,000 (Ulaanbaatar: State Board for Geodesy and Cartography, 1991)."

  14. Title: Roads, Mongolia, 1978

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents roads in Mongolia in 1978. Each road segment includes an attribute describing whether it is an "all-weather hard or loose surface road" or a "fair-weather road, track, or trail." The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 'Mongolia [map]'. Scale 1:2,500,000. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1978."

  15. Title: Airfields, Mongolia, 1978

    Contributors:

    Summary: This point dataset represents the locations of major airfields in Mongolia in 1978. Major airfields are defined as ones with a hard surface runway of at least 3,000 feet. Each airfield is identified with the name of the nearest city.The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 'Mongolia [map]'. Scale 1:2,500,000. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1978."

  16. Title: Railroads, Mongolia, 1978

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the location of railroad lines in Mongolia in 1978. The standard guage track in Mongolia is broad gauge (5'). The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 'Mongolia [map]'. Scale 1:2,500,000. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1978."

  17. Title: Aimag Boundaries (adm1), Mongolia, 1978

    Contributors:

    Summary: This polygon dataset represents the aimag boundaries of Mongolia in 1978. The attributes include the names of the aimags in Mongolian Cyrillic and English transliterations (as they appear on the map). The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 'Mongolia [map]'. Scale 1:2,500,000. Washington, D.C.: Central Intelligence Agency, 1978."

  18. Title: Zones of Uncertainty, China-Mongolia Boundary, 1962

    Contributors:

    Summary: This polygon dataset represents the zones of uncertainty between the Mongolian-claimed boundary and the Chinese-claimed boundary in December 1962, as represented on a US Army Togographic Command map printed in March 1971. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: 'Sino-Mongolian border: December 1962 [map],' scale approximately 1:10,000,000 (Washington, D.C.:Printed by the U.S. Army Topographic Command, 1971).

  19. Title: China-Mongolia Border (as drawn on Chinese Communist maps), 1962

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the boundary line for the China-Mongolia border drawn on Chinese Communist maps in the late 1950s and early 1960s, as represented on a US Army Togographic Command map printed in March 1971. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: 'Sino-Mongolian border: December 1962 [map],' scale approximately 1:10,000,000 (Washington, D.C.:Printed by the U.S. Army Topographic Command, 1971).

  20. Title: China-Mongolia Border (as drawn on Russian and Mongolian maps), 1962

    Contributors:

    Summary: This line dataset represents the boundary line for the China-Mongolia border drawn on Russian and Mongolian maps in the late 1950s and early 1960s, as represented on a US Army Togographic Command map printed in March 1971. The dataset was developed as part of the Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project. It is designed to integrate and align well with other datasets created as part of the project. It can be used for creating small to medium size maps of historical Mongolia and for analysis, as appropriate to the resolution. This data is only as accurate as the source maps upon which it is based. As such, the UC Berkeley Library does not guarantee the accuracy of the data. Researchers should use their own judgement about appropriate uses for this data. Users should please acknowledge and cite the "Mongolian 20th-century Historical GIS Database project" in any derivative works. The source map for this dataset is: 'Sino-Mongolian border: December 1962 [map],' scale approximately 1:10,000,000 (Washington, D.C.:Printed by the U.S. Army Topographic Command, 1971).

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